syntax

The article is dedicated to the 100th anniversary of the outstanding Russian linguist, professor of Saratov State University Olga B. Sirotinina (born in 1923). The article presents and analyzes a number of scientific ideas of the scholar: the necessity to work out new approaches to syntactic units; the interaction of primary (factual) and secondary (organizational) levels of communication; attention of the author to the addressee as a leading principle of linguistic ecology; semantic diffusion as a dynamic process in the Russian discourse.

The article is dedicated to examining the peculiarities of structure, semantics and functioning of adverbial complicators in business language. The author argues that the style type and the text genre have a significant impact on the choice of adverbial complicators, their semantics and functions.

The article is dedicated to adverbialisation – one of the processes of a simple sentence semantic complication. The author considers distinctive correlation of the meanings of the base and side propositions in sentences with adverbial complicators. The paper reveals some typical models of such correlation in the texts in five spheres of communication. The author concludes that the functioning of adverbial complicators has both typical and specific features in different communication areas.

The article analyzes some peculiarities of how sentences of the model Inf-Adv-o function in modern business communication. Such sentences usually express teleological or normative evaluations of various social or mental actions. This is due to the subject-matter of business communication. The reverse order of the main members of the sentence (inversion) is more common in the spoken form of business communication.

The article analyzes the factors of attributing a syntaxeme to the class of sentence modifiers (determinants). Such factors include the semantic relevance to the whole sentence, the ability to be a component of various semantic models and structural schemes of sentences, the ability to potential predicativity, the ability to realize the values of conditionality.

The article deals with the types of determinative adverbs that can semantically and functionally converge with such actants as recipient, subject, deliberate, finitive, directive, distributive, destinative, instrumentive, posessive, potensive. The producing bases of such adverbs are usually relative adjectives. The role that such adverbs play in the sentence depends on their semantics, the semantics of the predicate, as well as on the context. That is why the same adverb can realize different functions in different statements.

The study of the functioning of qualifying adverbs that make up the meaning of a synsemantic verb in modern press, business, scientific and everyday speech shows that such adverbs are most often used together with verbs of speech, intellectual or physical activity, mental perception, existence, behavior, attitude. In most cases, such adverbs contain various types of evaluations.