жанры речи

This article considers the connection between the speech genre of birthday wishes and the rules of epideictic speech, linguistic actualization of wishes, their semantic peculiarities, and their link to professional and social status of the speaker, his/her age, values, and relationships of the speaker and the birthday person.

The article deals with a hint as a speech communicative element of communication; special attention is drawn to the following modern linguistic concepts – speech genres, the speech act theory, indirect speech genres, indirect speech acts. The article gives examples of speech genre models under research which show typical relations between direct (literal) and indirect meaning of a hint as an indirect communication element. It describes the place of hints as a means of rendering indirect meaning within the system of the indirect speech act and genre theory.

The study of the norms of modern scientifi c speech, as well as the factors aff ecting its eff ectiveness, is one of the urgent problems of linguoecology. Typical violations of the ecology of scientifi c speech are cases of violations of language norms and stylistic inaccuracies. They are most often found in the unprepared professional speech of young scientists (especially non-philologists).