precedent phenomena

Such a speech genre as wishing, which functions both in real communication and in the Internet environment, has considerable flexibility in terms of content, despite the rather stereotypical forms of expression. The content of wishes is traditionally influenced by the personality factor of the addressee, their gender, age, social and professional affiliation, hobbies. In addition, the wish genre actively responds to changes taking place in the social sphere. Themes, vocabulary and intertextuality of wishes reflect various processes that occur in the modern culture.

The article addresses the problem of precedent phenomena definition and classification from the point of view of the complex approach. Based on the undertaken analysis, the authors give the definition of precedent phenomena, distinguish their main and complementary characteristic features as well as build the hierarchy of the precedent phenomena.

The article touches upon the topic of variability in the meaning of the precedent Biblical text about Adam and Eve in the discourse of the speakers of American English. Basic features of precedent phenomena are highlighted in comparison with idiomatic units and the conclusion is drawn on the absence of a fixed usual meaning of precedent phenomena.

The article touches upon several aspects of precedent phenomena functioning in the literary discourse. The peculiarities of using precedent phenomena in the ludic function are explained not only in terms of mundane communication which is reflected in the literary discourse but also with regard to the inner mechanisms of a literary work. The article discusses several specificities of how precedent phenomena are used in order to create a word play. The author also puts forward a suggestion that the ludic function of a precedent phenomenon may determine its form.

The paper describes the most common linguistic and stylistic devices (precedent phenomena, pun, metaphor, syntactical expressive means, etc.) used in German social advertising. These devices have a great potential to make the advertising communication more expressive and effective.

Analyzing the results of a linguistic experiment, this article investigates the usage patterns of precedent phenomena in the discourse of American young adults. The findings indicate that there are two major
grammar models for the speakers to utilize precedent phenomena: comparative constructions and noun phrase complements. These patterns reveal some unique characteristics of the language units of interest.