метафора

The essence of the concept "word-forming metaphor" is disclosed in the article, the semantic potential of derivatives with metaphorical motivation is explored, the causes of derivational activity or inactivity of word-forming metaphors are revealed.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the metaphorical subsystem of network slang, in particular, the basic groups of vocabulary used as a source of the formation of portable slang values are established; their comparison with general linguistic tendencies is given; the system of sources of metaphorization is considered as a reflection of the original picture of the world of the carriers of this idiom.

The approach proposed in the article to the idiost of G. Ivanov is based on the hypothesis of a two-level structure of the poetic conceptosphere, which includes the concepts of author's consciousness on the one hand and more complex conceptual structures-cognitive models of interaction of concepts-on the other. The article considers such forms of organization of the conceptual space of idiostyle, as metaphorical and metonymic cognitive models.

The article gives an overview of modern definitions of synaesthesia, analyzes the methodology for investigating the phenomenon, proposes a classification based on a combination of linguistic, psychological, and cultural approaches.

The article studies the cognitive metaphor role in the formation of the specific object terminology system on the material of the Russian and German banking terminology.

The article analyzes jargon metaphors formed on the basis of social lexis. The author singles out semantic fields and groups extensively used for developing transfers, the main principles of metaphorization and their specific characteristics in comparison with the literary language. The conclusions are drawn on the jargon users’ world picture, which is represented with the help of the social metaphor.

The article considers the functions of the ‘short-sightedness’ metaphor in the metropolitan literature of the 1920–1930s. The author shows how political and cultural context of the epoch influences the comprehension of this metaphor and of the images of the ‘optical prosthetic devices’ (glasses / eye-glasses / lorgnette / monocle) related to it.

The article explores the emotional and evaluative function of metaphor actualizing the military realia in the speech practices of French soldiers in the early twentieth century. The author shows that the use of metaphors in professional communication is largely conditioned by the current psychological and extra-linguistic context and by the connotative meaning of the linguistic sign as well.

The article considers the formation and functioning of figurative meanings in the 21st century on the basis of modern Russian sports terminology. The main sources of metaphorization, semantics of transfers and regular models of metaphorical transformation are analyzed in linguistic and cognitive aspects. The stability and consistency of the formation and functioning of the studied metaphors are noted.

The article analyzes the functioning of metaphors and idioms in modern newspaper political texts; speech errors in the use of these expressive means in the speech of authors and heroes of publications (journalists, politicians, political scientists, etc.) are revealed. The main types of such defects, as well as linguistic and cognitive reasons for their occurrence are established.